Professor James Starrs
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Allen
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Human DNA
Luminol is used as a last resort in criminal investigation.Liminol in itself is not used as conclusive proof that a crime has been committed. The alleged blood evidence will be collected and sent to a laboratory to be tested, to see if it is indeed blood or some other bodily fluid, and be typed and tested for DNA. But a simple positive hit with luminol is not used to conclusively prove guilt because it is known by law enforcment that there are other substances that can cause a positive hit. found these references on the internet.
"If luminol reveals apparent blood traces, investigators will photograph or videotape the crime scene to record the pattern. Typically, luminol only shows investigators that there might be blood in an area, since other substances, including household bleach, can also cause the luminol to glow. Experienced investigators can make a reliable identification based on how quickly the reaction occurs, but they still need to run other tests to verify that it is really human blood.
Luminol in itself won't usually solve a murder case. It's only one step in the investigative process. But it can reveal essential information that gets a stalled investigation going again. For example, hidden blood spatter patterns can help investigators locate the point of attack and even what sort of weapon was used (a bullet makes blood splatter very differently than a knife does). Luminol may also reveal faint bloody shoe prints, which gives investigators valuable information about the assailant and what he or she did after the attack. "
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http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~willard2/Visi ... tains.html
"The luminol test is used in the field of forensic science to detect trace amounts of blood at crime scenes. A reaction between luminol and the hemoglobin in blood causes chemiluminesence to occur. A spray containing the luminol and hydrogen peroxide is used by forensic scientists to detect blood at crime scenes. Hemoglobin is able to catalyse the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen, which can oxidize the luminol. When the luminol breaks down light is emitted showing the presence of blood. Since the human eye is very good at detecting even a small amount of light in a dark room it is possible to detect tiny drops of blood at a crime scene. A reaction very similar to this is used by fireflies to emit light.
It works well with both fresh and dry blood, and can be applied several years after the incident. It is usually used at a crime scene after it escaped detection during the first crime scene processing assignment. The room is photographed and a crime scene sketch is made. The room is then darkened as much a possible. The luminol solution is fine sprayed over the suspected area of a room or object in the room.
Luminol is hazardous so protective clothing should be worn, including goggles, rubber gloves, boots and an organic vapor mask.
The use of luminol in this field was first suggested by W. Specht in 1937. Unfortunately this test is only a presumptive test for the detection of blood as chemiluminesence can occur when the luminol solution reacts with other common substances, such as household bleach, plant and vegetable peroxidases and copper metal,as well as its salts and its alloys.
Once the blood stain has been identified it is then collected. To collect the bloodstain the FBI recommends you absorb the dried bloodstains on immovable objects onto a clean cotton cloth or cotton swab moistened with distilled water. Leave a portion of the cloth or swab unstained as a control. Air dry the cloth or swab and pack in clean paper or an envelope with sealed corners. Do not use plastic containers.
The blood is then sent to the crime lab for both type and DNA examination. "
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"How long does DNA remain after death? Depending on conditions such as moisture and temperature, it may remain for millions of years. Scientists have claimed extraction of DNA from a variety of ancient sources, including the remains of a quagga, a zebra-like animal that became extinct 145 years ago; ancient Egyptian mummies; an American mastodon that lived 46,000 years ago; Ice Age hunters frozen about 10,000 years ago, and 40-million-year old bacteria isolated from the gut of bee.
No matter how well preserved an ancient organism may be, scientists think that most DNA deteriorates after 50,000 to 100,000 years.
"If luminol reveals apparent blood traces, investigators will photograph or videotape the crime scene to record the pattern. Typically, luminol only shows investigators that there might be blood in an area, since other substances, including household bleach, can also cause the luminol to glow. Experienced investigators can make a reliable identification based on how quickly the reaction occurs, but they still need to run other tests to verify that it is really human blood.
Luminol in itself won't usually solve a murder case. It's only one step in the investigative process. But it can reveal essential information that gets a stalled investigation going again. For example, hidden blood spatter patterns can help investigators locate the point of attack and even what sort of weapon was used (a bullet makes blood splatter very differently than a knife does). Luminol may also reveal faint bloody shoe prints, which gives investigators valuable information about the assailant and what he or she did after the attack. "
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~willard2/Visi ... tains.html
"The luminol test is used in the field of forensic science to detect trace amounts of blood at crime scenes. A reaction between luminol and the hemoglobin in blood causes chemiluminesence to occur. A spray containing the luminol and hydrogen peroxide is used by forensic scientists to detect blood at crime scenes. Hemoglobin is able to catalyse the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen, which can oxidize the luminol. When the luminol breaks down light is emitted showing the presence of blood. Since the human eye is very good at detecting even a small amount of light in a dark room it is possible to detect tiny drops of blood at a crime scene. A reaction very similar to this is used by fireflies to emit light.
It works well with both fresh and dry blood, and can be applied several years after the incident. It is usually used at a crime scene after it escaped detection during the first crime scene processing assignment. The room is photographed and a crime scene sketch is made. The room is then darkened as much a possible. The luminol solution is fine sprayed over the suspected area of a room or object in the room.
Luminol is hazardous so protective clothing should be worn, including goggles, rubber gloves, boots and an organic vapor mask.
The use of luminol in this field was first suggested by W. Specht in 1937. Unfortunately this test is only a presumptive test for the detection of blood as chemiluminesence can occur when the luminol solution reacts with other common substances, such as household bleach, plant and vegetable peroxidases and copper metal,as well as its salts and its alloys.
Once the blood stain has been identified it is then collected. To collect the bloodstain the FBI recommends you absorb the dried bloodstains on immovable objects onto a clean cotton cloth or cotton swab moistened with distilled water. Leave a portion of the cloth or swab unstained as a control. Air dry the cloth or swab and pack in clean paper or an envelope with sealed corners. Do not use plastic containers.
The blood is then sent to the crime lab for both type and DNA examination. "
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"How long does DNA remain after death? Depending on conditions such as moisture and temperature, it may remain for millions of years. Scientists have claimed extraction of DNA from a variety of ancient sources, including the remains of a quagga, a zebra-like animal that became extinct 145 years ago; ancient Egyptian mummies; an American mastodon that lived 46,000 years ago; Ice Age hunters frozen about 10,000 years ago, and 40-million-year old bacteria isolated from the gut of bee.
No matter how well preserved an ancient organism may be, scientists think that most DNA deteriorates after 50,000 to 100,000 years.
"He who cannot put his thoughts on ice should not enter into the head of dispute." - Friedrich Nietzsche
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jamfaws
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Allen
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It could establish whether or not Andrew was the biological father of William. If DNA can be successfully extracted, conclusive paternity could probably be established. Even from those who were laid to rest long ago.Here are a couple examples I thought were interesting.
There was the controversy that surrounded Jesse James and whether or not the person buried in his grave was actually the real Jesse James. There was another man who claimed to have been Jesse James even after his murder in 1882. They argued that someone else was buried in the grave to throw off authorities. The body was exhumed, and after DNA and forensic testing it was determined to be the body of Jesse James.
http://www.rulen.com/partisan/jjinter.htm
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DNA testing was also used a few years back to establish that Thomas Jefferson fathered a son, Eston, with his slave Sally Hemings. It is a matter of historical record that Hemings and Thomas Jefferson were lovers.But up until a few years ago, the child or its decendants were never reconized as decendants of Jefferson.
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/678026/posts
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/945907/posts
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Son of Louis XVI and Marie Antionette
PARIS, Apr 19, 2000 (Reuters) -- Scientists cracked one of the great mysteries of European history by using DNA tests to prove that the son of executed French King Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette died in prison as a child. Royalists have argued for 205 years over whether Louis-Charles de France perished in 1795 in a grim Paris prison or managed to escape the clutches of the French Revolution. In December 1999, the presumed heart of the child king was removed from its resting place to enable scientists to compare its DNA make-up with samples from living and dead members of the royal family -- including a lock of his mother Marie-Antoinette's hair.
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/H ... cs.shtml#1
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A link to a paternity testing center.
http://www.dnacenter.com/paternity.html
There was the controversy that surrounded Jesse James and whether or not the person buried in his grave was actually the real Jesse James. There was another man who claimed to have been Jesse James even after his murder in 1882. They argued that someone else was buried in the grave to throw off authorities. The body was exhumed, and after DNA and forensic testing it was determined to be the body of Jesse James.
http://www.rulen.com/partisan/jjinter.htm
===============================================
DNA testing was also used a few years back to establish that Thomas Jefferson fathered a son, Eston, with his slave Sally Hemings. It is a matter of historical record that Hemings and Thomas Jefferson were lovers.But up until a few years ago, the child or its decendants were never reconized as decendants of Jefferson.
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/678026/posts
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/945907/posts
===============================================
Son of Louis XVI and Marie Antionette
PARIS, Apr 19, 2000 (Reuters) -- Scientists cracked one of the great mysteries of European history by using DNA tests to prove that the son of executed French King Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette died in prison as a child. Royalists have argued for 205 years over whether Louis-Charles de France perished in 1795 in a grim Paris prison or managed to escape the clutches of the French Revolution. In December 1999, the presumed heart of the child king was removed from its resting place to enable scientists to compare its DNA make-up with samples from living and dead members of the royal family -- including a lock of his mother Marie-Antoinette's hair.
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/H ... cs.shtml#1
===============================================
A link to a paternity testing center.
http://www.dnacenter.com/paternity.html
"He who cannot put his thoughts on ice should not enter into the head of dispute." - Friedrich Nietzsche
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Kat
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Wow! You are really good at that!! Thanks!
Included to my mind also: Anastasia!
You can read about William S. Borden's family and parentage in Rebello. There's no reason to question his paternity, in my mind.
It seems Brown took info from letters in The Knowlton Papers and constructed a fabulous hoax. Not even a new theory- borrowed the idea from a letter from 1892-93!
Included to my mind also: Anastasia!
You can read about William S. Borden's family and parentage in Rebello. There's no reason to question his paternity, in my mind.
It seems Brown took info from letters in The Knowlton Papers and constructed a fabulous hoax. Not even a new theory- borrowed the idea from a letter from 1892-93!